Grade 12 · Gov / Econ

Grade 12 Gov / Econ — Economics questions and answers

Supply, demand, inflation, and GDP. Written in American English for students, parents, and teachers in the United States.

Practice quiz

Question and answer list

Open a card to see the answer. These are original practice items for US elementary students — not a state test copy.

1. The law of demand says that, other things equal, a higher price means

Answer: a lower quantity demanded

The demand curve slopes down.

2. A shortage happens when

Answer: quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied at that price

Price tends to rise toward equilibrium.

3. GDP measures

Answer: the market value of final goods and services produced in a country in a period

It is a standard size-of-economy number.

4. Inflation is

Answer: a general rise in prices

The CPI is a common US measure.

5. The Federal Reserve’s jobs include

Answer: influencing interest rates and the money supply

It is the US central bank.

6. Opportunity cost is

Answer: the next-best alternative you give up

Choosing AP Chem may cost a free period.

7. A market economy relies mainly on

Answer: prices and voluntary exchange

The US is a mixed economy with markets plus government.

8. Unemployment is the share of the

Answer: labor force that wants work and does not have a job

Discouraged workers can fall out of the labor force.