Hardware is the physical parts of a computer you can touch. Examples: CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer, hard disk. It cannot work usefully without software. Handle lab hardware with dry hands and care for ports.
Q.176ShortHardware
Write the main parts of a CPU and their jobs.
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ALU does arithmetic and logic. The control unit directs the flow of instructions. Registers hold data the CPU is using. Together they fetch, decode and execute. Clock pulses keep the steps in time.
Q.199ShortHardware
What is a port? Name four common ports/cables.
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A port is a connector on the cabinet or laptop. USB for keyboard/pendrive, HDMI or VGA for display, 3.5 mm for headset, Ethernet RJ-45 for LAN. Do not force a plug into the wrong hole.
Q.210ShortHardware
Why do we use a UPS in a computer lab?
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It gives a few minutes of power so work can be saved and the PC shut down safely when mains fail. It also smooths small fluctuations. It is not a generator for hours. Save with Ctrl+S even when UPS is present.
Q.219ShortHardware
Input–process–output–storage cycle with a school example.
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Input: type marks in Excel. Process: SUM and average. Output: chart on monitor or printed rank list. Storage: save the .xlsx on disk. The CPU and RAM handle process; I/O devices handle in and out.
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