24 प्रश्न: 12 विकल्प, 6 लघु, 6 दीर्घ। प्रत्येक प्रश्न पर वर्ष टैग।
Which device connects two different networks and forwards packets?
सही विकल्प: B — Router / राउटर
A router reads IP addresses and chooses the next hop. A hub only repeats bits on one LAN. / राउटर IP देखकर रास्ता चुनता है।
IP address 192.168.1.5 is typically used on a
सही विकल्प: B — Private LAN / निजी LAN
192.168.x.x is a private range (RFC 1918) behind a home or school router. / निजी रेंज, घर/स्कूल LAN।
A primary key must be
सही विकल्प: B — Unique and not null / अद्वितीय और खाली नहीं
Each row is identified by a unique, mandatory primary key. / हर पंक्ति की एक अनोखी पहचान।
Which SQL command retrieves rows?
सही विकल्प: B — SELECT
SELECT … FROM … WHERE … reads data; INSERT adds, UPDATE changes, DROP removes a table. / SELECT पढ़ता है।
To keep only rows where marks > 40 you add
सही विकल्प: B — WHERE marks > 40
WHERE filters rows before grouping. / WHERE शर्त लगाता है।
A loop that may run zero times if the condition is false at the start is typically a
सही विकल्प: B — while / while
while tests first; do-while runs the body at least once. / while पहले जाँचता है।
An array is best described as
सही विकल्प: B — A named list of same-type elements / एक ही प्रकार के तत्वों की सूची
marks[0]..marks[n-1] store a sequence under one name. / एक नाम, कई समान तत्व।
HTML is used to
सही विकल्प: B — Structure a web page / वेब पेज की संरचना
HTML marks headings, paragraphs and links; CSS styles; JS behaves. / HTML ढाँचा, CSS सजाहट।
A firewall is meant to
सही विकल्प: B — Filter network traffic by rules / नियमों से नेटवर्क ट्रैफिक छानना
It allows or blocks packets between a LAN and the Internet. / पैकेट अनुमति/रोक।
HTTP is commonly associated with which layer of the TCP/IP model?
सही विकल्प: B — Application / अनुप्रयोग
Web protocols sit at the application layer over TCP. / अनुप्रयोग परत।
Which statement about a foreign key is true?
सही विकल्प: B — It refers to the primary key of another (or same) table / दूसरी (या उसी) तालिका की प्राथमिक कुंजी से जुड़ती है
A foreign key maintains referential integrity between tables. / तालिकाओं के बीच संबंध।
The output of a 2-input AND gate is 1 only when
सही विकल्प: B — Both inputs are 1
AND is 1 iff every input is 1. / दोनों 1 हों तभी 1।
Differentiate between a switch and a hub.
A hub floods every frame to all ports (one collision domain). A switch learns MAC addresses and forwards a frame to the needed port, so less collision and better privacy. Modern LANs use switches. / हब सबको भेजता; स्विच सही पोर्ट।
Write an SQL statement to show name and marks of students who scored more than 70, sorted by marks descending.
SELECT name, marks FROM students WHERE marks > 70 ORDER BY marks DESC; / WHERE छानता है, ORDER BY सजाता है।
What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
A compiler translates the whole source to machine code (or bytecode) before running; errors appear in a batch. An interpreter executes line by line, useful for quick tests, usually slower at run time. Java often mixes both (compile to bytecode, then a VM). / पूरा अनुवाद बनाम पंक्ति-दर-पंक्ति।
Why use a DBMS instead of many separate spreadsheet files?
A DBMS reduces duplicate data, enforces keys and types, allows many users with permissions, and answers questions with SQL. Spreadsheets are fine for a class list of 40; a school of 2000 needs a database. / दोहराव कम, कुंजी, बहु-उपयोगकर्ता, SQL।
Explain phishing in two sentences and one way to avoid it.
Phishing is a fake mail or site that looks like a bank or board portal to steal a password or OTP. Check the real domain, do not click a surprise link, and never type an OTP into a page you opened from SMS. / नकली साइट; असली पता देखें, OTP न दें।
What do HTML, CSS and JavaScript each do on a web page?
HTML is the structure (heading, table, form). CSS is look (colour, layout). JavaScript is behaviour (show a score, validate a form). A board answer should not mix the three jobs. / ढाँचा, सजाहट, व्यवहार।
Explain the TCP/IP layers with one protocol or device at each layer you name.
Link/network access: Ethernet, Wi-Fi, a switch — bits on a cable or radio. Internet: IP addressing and routing (router). Transport: TCP (reliable stream) or UDP (fast, no extra handshake). Application: HTTP, SMTP, DNS. In an answer draw four boxes and one example each; do not memorise all seven OSI names if the book uses four TCP/IP layers. / लिंक → IP/राउटर → TCP → HTTP।
A table STUDENT(roll, name, class, marks) is given. Write SQL to (i) create it, (ii) insert one row, (iii) raise marks by 5 for class 12, (iv) delete marks below 20.
CREATE TABLE STUDENT (roll INT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(40), class INT, marks INT); INSERT INTO STUDENT VALUES (101, 'Ravi', 12, 62); UPDATE STUDENT SET marks = marks + 5 WHERE class = 12; DELETE FROM STUDENT WHERE marks < 20; Mention PRIMARY KEY so roll cannot repeat. / CREATE, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE — शर्त WHERE में।
Write the logic (steps or short code) to find the largest number in an array of n integers.
Set max = a[0]. For i from 1 to n−1: if a[i] > max then max = a[i]. Print max. Edge case: n = 1, the first element is the answer. In an exam, indent the loop and name the array. Do not sort the whole array if the question only asks for the maximum — that wastes time. / पहला तत्व max; बाकी से तुलना।
Describe four cyber-safety practices for an Intermediate student who uses social media and online tests.
Use a unique password plus 2-step verification on email. Do not post your admit-card photo with roll number visible. Download test apps only from the official store or school link. If a “UP Board result” SMS asks for a fee, ignore it — results are on the official site. Keep backups of project files on two devices. Report cyber-bullying to a teacher; do not reply in anger. / अलग पासवर्ड, दस्तावेज़ न पोस्ट, आधिकारिक लिंक, नकली फीस न दें।
Draw the truth table of AND, OR and NOT. Why are these gates enough to build other logic?
AND: 00→0, 01→0, 10→0, 11→1. OR: 00→0, others 1. NOT: 0→1, 1→0. NAND or NOR alone is functionally complete; AND+OR+NOT can express any Boolean function by sum-of-products (e.g. XOR = (A AND NOT B) OR (NOT A AND B)). In the copy, draw three small tables and one XOR expression. / तीन तालिका + XOR उदाहरण।
Outline a simple school project: a student mark list using a database and a short report.
Aim: store roll, name, subject marks and print class average. Tools: a DBMS (or even a well-designed spreadsheet as a prototype) plus a one-page report in a word processor. Tables: STUDENT, MARKS (foreign key roll). Queries: top five, subject average, fail list. Ethics: no real Aadhaar, use dummy names. Conclusion: what you would add (charts, login). Examiners want aim, table design, two queries, and a screenshot or printout — not a 40-page copy-paste. / उद्देश्य, तालिका, दो क्वेरी, डमी डेटा, निष्कर्ष।
MCQ पर टैप करें — सही हरा, गलत लाल। फिर “हल देखें” से वर्ष और उत्तर खोलें। पेपर टेस्ट से पूरा खण्ड अ/ब/स एक साथ करें।
कंप्यूटर के रिपीटेड प्रश्न कैसे पढ़ें?
ऊपर से चैप्टर या प्रश्न-प्रकार चुनें। MCQ पर टैप करें। हल में वर्ष और संक्षिप्त उत्तर दिखेगा।
बोर्ड जैसा पेपर कहाँ है?
“बोर्ड पेपर जैसा टेस्ट” खोलें — खण्ड अ/ब/स, अंक और समय उसी शैली में।
Follow this loop every day: mixed test, current affairs, then today's subject. A new set arrives tomorrow.
After this page, use these three links — do not open a random page.
More sets from the same cluster — stay on this topic.
Timed papers with a scorecard — start any time, then return to a related quiz above.
