Describe the functions of an operating system with lab examples.
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The OS loads at boot and then manages processes so Word and a browser can both open. It allocates RAM, keeps files in folders, talks to printers through drivers, and provides a GUI. It also checks login passwords. Recycle Bin, Task Manager and file permissions are everyday OS services on Windows labs; Linux labs use a desktop plus terminal. Do not treat a browser as an OS. Versions in school are real ones (e.g. Windows 10/11), not imaginary Windows 12.
Q.238LongOperating System
Explain files, folders, extensions and why backups matter.
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A file is a named collection of data; a folder groups files. The extension (.docx, .jpg) hints the format. Paths such as C:\Class9\science.docx locate them on Windows-style disks. Delete sends many files to Recycle Bin; empty it to free space. Backup copies to another drive or trusted cloud save you from disk failure or ransomware. OS permissions stop others from casually erasing your work. Save every few minutes.
Q.248LongOperating System
GUI components and desktop skills expected in practical exams.
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Identify icons, taskbar, start/menu, system tray, windows minimise/maximise, create a folder, rename, copy, change wallpaper only if allowed, connect to school Wi-Fi as instructed, use Recycle Bin. Right-click menus are part of GUI. Keyboard shortcuts plus mouse shows fluency. Answers should stay with real classroom OS features.
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